Otto s



Patented July 10, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

Ilo Drawing.

This invention relates to methods of applying, blending and settingcolors, and more particularly to coloring or tinting photographs in asimple and efficient manner; but it may be used by artists generally tosecure results more rapidly and perfectly l'hfllll by the methodsheretofore known and usec.

According to my improved method, and by the use of the preparationshereinafter referred to and which are designed particularly for use inphotography, ditliculties of properly coloring a given area, no matterhow small or large, with any color or blend of colors, are whollyovercome, the efiect is most pleasing in appearance, the method itselfis economical in application, and an amateur may obtain results whichonly professionals have hitherto been enabled to obtain.

The method may be generally described as follows:

(1) The area to be colored is intimately coated with the blending andspreading preparation (2) The colors-whether oils, crayons, pencil, orthose specially prepared, are then applied roughly;

(3) A tuft of cotton in the fingers, or upon a support similar to apencil, is moistened with the blending preparation and the colorscarried to any detail of the picture;

(4) The roughly blended colors may then be held over a source of heatuntil the residue of the blending medium melts and further removes alllines of distortion or inequalities, resulting in a more perfect blendand smoother results than can readily be obtained mechanically.

(5) When cold, a clean tuftof cotton is gently rubbed over the entiresurface, leaving a perfectly smooth, attractive finish, Without lines,blots or irregularities, and which may be either dull or highly glossy,depending upon the character of the particular blending medium selected.

These results are made possible by the use of various waxes and oilswith or without gelatins or albumin, which are emulsified withsufiicient water to make a smooth paste.

The theory of the action is, that the surface emulsion of the photographis slightly softened by the water present; the Waxes and oils, remainingsoft until later dried by heat, take any character of pigment and can besmoothly and leisurely distributed, and any excess of color ormisapplied color can Application filed July 10, 1924. Serial No.725,212.

Parts by weight.

Oarnauba wax 15 i 10 Beeswax 20 15 Butanol 4O Turpentine i 60 Gelatinsolution 50 50 10 Paratfin I:

When highly glossy finishes are desirable, the proportion of hard waxesis increased; but when extremely dull matts are desired, the hard waxesmay be omitted and the solvents increased. It is to be understood thatvirtually any wax and most of the gums may be used interchangeably inthese formulac, and that any volatile solvents or aqueous emulsifiersmay be employed without departing from the s irit and purpose of myinvention. It shou d be understood that the application of heat is notessential to the performance of my process but that under certainconditions it may be desirable.

Ordinarily, my improved method may be utilized in connection with anytype of color or paint now upon the market, and will be used perhapsmore largely with colored pencils, whether dry or of the grease variety.However, for especially fine work selected pigments are made up in amedium substantially similar in composition to the formula given above.Thesepaints will never harden in the tubes and may be spread with thegreatest ease and deliberation until the exact results desired areobtained.

Another very desirable feature of: this process is that after thecoloring or tinting process has been completed on the photograph, theprint remains flat and pliant in an unmounted state.

Still another very desirable feature of this process is that, after apicture has been rill colored, the coloring may be practically entirelyremoved by the application of the blending and spreading composition.Thus, if the painting or picture is not satisfactory, it is onlynecessary to apply the blending and spreading composition and wipe offor otherwise remove the coloring, leaving a surface that is ready forrecoloring. The coloring may he removed regardless of the time that haselapsed since it was applied.

A further very desirable feature of my invention is that artists colorsmay be used to paint over and accentuate the results obtamed by theprocess set forth above.

ll claim as my invention:

l. A. method of applying, blending and setting colors, comprising thesteps of coatiug the area to be colored with a blending and spreadingmedium containing a mixture of waxes and oils; applying the colors tosaid coated area; and subjecting the coated and colored area to heatuntil the blending medium melts and removes all lines of distortion orinequalities.

2. A method of applying, blending and setting colors, comprising thesteps of coating the area to be colored with a blending and spreadingmedium containing a mixture of waxes, oils and gelatin; applying thecolors to said coated area; and subjecting the coated and colored areato heat until the blending medium melts and removes all lines ofdistortion or inequalities.

3. The method of applying colors to a surface coated with a blending andspreading composition which comprises applying colors to said coatedsurface, and applying a blending compositirm conlaining waxes to saidsurface.

4-. The method of applyii'ig colors to a surface coated with a blendingand spreading compositionwhich comprises applying colors to said coatedsurface, and applying a blli'llllllfui' composition crmtaining waxes andoils to said surface.

The method of applying colors to surface coated with a blending andspreading composition which comprises applying colors to said coatedsurface, applying a blending composition containing Waxes to said coatedsurface and subjecting the coated surface to heat.

(3. The method of applying colors to a surface coated with a blendingand spreading composition which comprises applying colors to said coatedsurface, applying a blending composition containing waxes and oils byfriction to said coated surface, and polishing said surface.

7. The iethod of applying colors to a surface coated with a blending andspreading composition which comprises applying colors to said coatedsurface, applying a blending composition containing waxes and oils byfriction to said coated surface, subjecting the coated surface to heatuntil the blending composition melts and removes all lines of distortionor inequalities, and 1301' ishing said surface.

8. Themethod of applying colors to a surface coated with a blending andspreading composition which comprises applying colors to said coatedsurface, applying a blending composition containing oils and waxes tothe said surface, and subjecting the said coated surface to heat toremove all lines of distortion or inequalities.

9. The method of applying colors to a surface coated. with a blendingand spreading composition which comprises applying colors to said coatedsurface, applying a blending con'iposition containing oils andv waxes tothe said surface, subjecting the said coated surface to heat to removeall lines of distortion or inequalities, and polishing the coatedsurface.

10. The method of applying colors to a surface which comprises applyingcolors to said surface and then applying a blending compositioncontaining waxes to said surface.

11. The method of applying colors to a surface which comprises applyingoil colors to said surface and then applying a blending compositioncontaining waxes to said surface.

12. The method of applying colors to a surface which comprises applyingcolors to said surface and then applying a blending compositioncontaining waxes and essential oils to said surface.

13. The method of applying color to a surface which comprises firstcoating said surface with a blendingand spreading composition containingcssential oils and. waxes, applying colors to said coated surface, andthen applying a blending composition containing essential oils and waxesto said surface.

let. The method of applying color which comprises coating the area to becolored with a composition containing a mixture of waxes and oils andthen applying the color to said area.

15. The method of applying color which comprises coating the area to becolored with a composition containing wax and then applying the color tosaid area.

16. The method of applying color which comprises coating the area. to becolored with a wax emulsion and then applying color to said area.

17. The process of preparing a photographic or similar surface for theapplication of color thereto which comprises coating such surface with acomposition containing wax.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

OTTO S. MARCKlVORTH.

